Venices popularity is in itself a major problem. More than 50,000 visitors come to the historic city every day during the summer. The vast majority are hikers and tourists on a tight budget to contribute to the city's economy may be minimal, adding to their costs on sand removal, police, etc. Venice is in danger of becoming a museum city for tourists. Venetian affirm that regional culture is overlooked in favor of Neapolitan music, foreign tourists consider more typically Italian. The population of the historic city resident is now below 80,000, half of what it was in the 1950s (or the sixteenth century, for that matter), and the decline is accelerating and increasing Venecias environmental problems. The social composition of the population is less balanced each time. Middle-income families continue to move to Mestre, on the mainland, where most employment opportunities out of sight must be found. This leaves the historic city of the rich, who can afford the costly maintenance self-palace, the elderly and low-income people who can not leave.
The council has seriously considered imposing a quota on the number of day visitors. In 1989, they tried to ban hikers to sleep in the street in significant public spaces, but later revoked the law when it proved unworkable.
Venice is built on a foundation consisting of billions of wooden stakes driven several centuries in the mud of the lake, and these batteries are slowly eroding.
Venice has always been subject to flooding, but the problem is getting worse because of rising sea levels caused by global warming. The combination of high tides and storm surges in the Adriatic Sea has led to the Piazza San Marco is flooded far more frequently than was the case in the 1950s Although the Venetians faced flood risk indeed abandon lower floors of their houses, great damage was done to the fabric of many buildings that are slowly sinking into the lagoon.
The 1966 flood disaster alerted the world to the possibility that the city should be abandoned. Venice in Peril Fund's was created to coordinate international efforts in the work of restoration and recovery, and galvanize the authorities into action. The response of the Government of Italy was to propose the construction of huge movable gates in the three entrances to the lagoon of Venice, the savings by closing the Adriatic during periods of high tides. This has attracted many critics as a miracle solution because:
_ The project is not profitable because the cost savings of flood damage does not justify the huge expense.
_ I disrupt shipping in the port of Venice. The investment was significant to improve port facilities, including dredging a deep water channel for oil (which in turn has upset the balance between salt and fresh water in the lagoon). The system would accelerate the sedimentation of waterways.
_ The accumulation of pollution in the lake could be exacerbated.
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