The Alps

The Alps should be among the worlds most visited destinations in terms of spending by

international tourists. Other mountain regions can offer similar natural resources, but have the advantage of a central location and proximity to some of the worlds most prosperous cities. Although the reliefs are due to differences in geology and the effects of glaciation during the last glacial period, most alpine scenery that tourists find so attractive is the work of mountain farmers through the centuries. Hautes-Alpes also offer a paradise for marmots, chamois and fragile alpine ecosystems symbolic edelweiss. These resources are threatened by large-scale tourism, hydropower generation, not least for the road construction. The region is located in the heart of the system of north-south traffic Europas and faces the seemingly inexorable growth in the use of motor vehicles, including the movement of large quantities of goods by such means as the upper Rhone Valley the Brenner Pass. Air pollution is a serious problem, aggravated by frequent temperature inversions that occur in mountain valleys closed in the winter months, and forests in some areas have been severely damaged as a result. The impact of tourism is greater in winter than in summer, due to the popularity of snow sports, especially skiing, and the need for transport systems of large capacity to transport skiers to the tracks. More than half of the alpine region is contained in Austria, Switzerland and Germany. Together, these three countries accounted for about a quarter of total world tours skiers.

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